Photosynthesis - Light harvesting complexes; mechanisms
of electron transport; photoprotective mechanisms; CO fixation-C3 , C4 and CAM
pathways.
Respiration and
photorespiration – Citric acid cycle; plant mitochondrial electron transport and ATP synthesis;
alternate oxidase; photorespiratory pathway.
Nitrogen metabolism - Nitrate and ammonium assimilation; amino
acid biosynthesis.
Plant hormones – Biosynthesis, storage, breakdown and
transport; physiological effects and mechanisms of action.
Sensory photobiology - Structure, function and mechanisms of
action of phytochromes, cryptochromes and phototropins; stomatal movement;
photoperiodism and biological clocks.
Solute transport and photoassimilate
translocation – uptake, transport and translocation of water, ions, solutes and
macromolecules from soil, through cells, across membranes, through xylem and
phloem; transpiration; mechanisms of loading and unloading of photoassimilates.
Secondary metabolites - Biosynthesis of terpenes, phenols and
nitrogenous compounds and their roles.
Stress physiology – Responses of plants to biotic (pathogen
and insects) and abiotic (water, temperature and salt) stresses.
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