Cell Communication and Cell Signaling

Cell Signalling

Host parasite interaction :Recognition and entry processes of different pathogens like bacteria, viruses into animal and plant host cells, alteration of host cell behavior by pathogens, virus-induced cell transformation, pathogen-induced diseases in animals and plants, cell-cell fusion in both normal and abnormal cells.

Cell signalling: Hormones and their receptors, cell surface receptor, signaling through G- protein coupled receptors, signal transduction pathways, second messengers, regulation of signaling pathways, bacterial and plant two-component systems, light signaling in plants, bacterial chemotaxis and quorum sensing.

Cellular communication: Regulation of hematopoiesis, general principles of cell communication, cell adhesion and roles of different adhesion molecules, gap junctions, extracellular matrix, integrins. neurotransmission and its regulation.

Cancer :Genetic rearrangements in progenitor cells, oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, cancer and the cell cycle, virus-induced cancer, metastasis, interaction of cancer cells with normal cells, apoptosis, therapeutic interventions of uncontrolled cell growth.

Innate and adaptive immune system: Cells and molecules involved in innate and adaptive immunity, antigens, antigenicity and immunogenicity. B and T cell epitopes, structure and function of antibody molecules. Generation of antibody diversity, monoclonal antibodies, antibody engineering, antigen-antibody interactions, MHC molecules, antigen processing and presentation, activation and differentiation of B and T cells, B and T cell receptors, humoral and cell-mediated immune responses, primary and secondary immune modulation, the complement system, Toll-like receptors, cell-mediated effector functions, inflammation, hypersensitivity and autoimmunity, immune response during bacterial (tuberculosis), parasitic (malaria) and viral (HIV) infections,congenital and acquired immunodeficiencies, vaccines.

Cellular Communication

• Cell Junctions

• Tight Junctions

• Adherens Junctions

• Desmosomes

• Hemidesmosomes

• Gap Junctions

Macrophages

Immunology                                                                                       

• Organs of Immune System
• Innate immunity or Non-specific defence mechanism
• Second line of defense
• Macrophages
• Inflammatory response
• Complement system- The troop of serum proteins in defence
• Classical pathway
• Alternative pathway
• Acquired Immunity
• Cells involved in Adaptive Immunity

• Antigens, the immune system elicitors

• Antibodies -The defence molecules in the immune system

• Antigen-Antibody Interaction

• Difference between Antigen and Antibody

• Immunoglobulins

• Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC)

• MHC class I proteins Structure and Function

• MHC class II proteins Structure and Function

• T cell receptor

• Cell mediated immune response

• Humoral Immune response

• Immunology Glossary Terms